Maryland: planning snapshot
These starting figures are illustrative inputs, not verified current Maryland averages. Use your own bill and an address-specific production estimate before drawing a conclusion.
| Input | Starting value | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Retail energy rate | 21.1¢/kWh | Replace with your marginal energy charge. |
| Monthly bill | $138 | Illustrative household example, before removing fixed fees. |
| Solar resource | 4.4 peak sun hours/day | Approximate input; does not model shade or seasonal weather. |
A worked Maryland savings example
Using a $138 monthly bill, $20 in fixed charges and a 21.1¢/kWh energy rate, the model sizes approximately 4.9 kW of panels. At 4.4 peak sun hours and an 86% performance factor, modeled first-year production is 6,768 kWh. An assumed $2.75/W cash price gives an upfront solar cost of about $13,475, before battery costs or incentives.
At 50% self-consumption and zero export compensation, year-one gross bill savings are approximately $714. If the export rate were equal to retail, the same production would be valued at about $1,428. These are tariff illustrations, not statements of the rules in Maryland.
| Export assumption | Year-one gross savings | What changes |
|---|---|---|
| No export payment | $714 | Only the self-used half avoids energy purchases. |
| Export equals retail | $1,428 | Exported output receives the same per-kWh value in this simplified example. |
Verify the enacted scope
Maryland HB1532 contains multiple energy provisions. Use the enacted text and current utility instructions to verify the conditions for a proposed small system, rather than treating the whole act as a blanket permission.
Production questions for a Maryland roof
Compare seasonal production, property constraints and any renewable-energy certificate ownership terms. Ask who receives the certificates and whether those revenues are already included in an installer savings projection.
Request a monthly generation estimate and the roof assumptions behind it: panel orientation, tilt, shade, usable area and losses. The calculated capacity is a target derived from annual usage; a real design may be constrained by roof area, service capacity or interconnection rules.
Utility tariffs and incentives in Maryland
Confirm your utility’s current tariff, whether exported energy is compensated, settlement frequency, credit expiry, minimum bills and any enrollment limit. For incentives, verify the current program with its administrator. Availability, funding and ownership conditions can change; this page does not claim a rebate is open without a verified program record.
Check DSIRE as a discovery tool, then read the responsible utility or program administrator’s documentation. Do not combine a quoted payback that already includes incentives with a second deduction for those same incentives.
Would a battery improve the numbers?
A battery may shift generation into household use or higher-priced hours. Compare the additional avoided charges with the installed storage cost, usable capacity and replacement schedule. In this tool, self-consumption is your estimated share after storage losses. Backup capability must be checked separately against the approved equipment and wiring.
A small plug-in example
An 800 W array at the 4.4-hour planning input and an 85% performance factor produces approximately 2.99 kWh on an average modeled day, or 1,092 kWh per year. At 75% self-use and no export compensation, that corresponds to about $173 in annual gross bill savings. Your actual output and allowed connection method may differ; use the readiness checklist before purchasing.
Federal homeowner tax treatment
The IRS states that the residential clean energy credit is not available for property placed in service after December 31, 2025. This calculator therefore applies no homeowner §25D credit. Third-party-owned projects use different business-credit rules; do not assume a lease passes a credit to you. Confirm eligibility and contract pricing separately.
Questions for Maryland households
Is solar worth it in Maryland?
It depends on the cash price, roof output, self-consumption and your actual utility tariff. In the worked example, valuing exports changes first-year gross savings from about $714 to $1,428; use your own inputs instead of treating either figure as a forecast.
Are the Maryland figures official current averages?
No. They are clearly labeled illustrative inherited defaults. Their exact original reporting period was not established. Replace them with your bill and verified current sources.
Can I connect a balcony system in Maryland?
The calculator is not a legal authorization. Check enacted state rules, current utility instructions, local electrical requirements and the full product configuration before connecting.
Can solar remove the fixed portion of my bill?
This model leaves fixed charges out of avoidable energy consumption. Confirm minimum bills and other tariff rules with your utility.
Sources and verification
- EIA Electric Power Monthly: electricity prices
- PVWatts: location-specific solar production estimates
- IRS: Residential Clean Energy Credit
- DSIRE: search state and utility incentive programs
- Maryland Legislature: HB1532
Links provide primary references or verification tools. Linking a source does not mean every calculator default is reproduced from it. See our data limitations.